I le 2010, na amata ai e le POSCO Korea i Saute, Daewoo Shipbuilding ma sosaiete fa'avasegaga tetele e lima a le lalolagi le poloketi o le "atina'e fa'atasi o u'amea manganese maualuga ma mea uelo mo le vevela ultra-maualalo", ma ausia ai le tele o gaosiga o u'amea manganese maualuga mo tane teuina LNG i totonu. 2015. E oo atu ia Iuni 2022, ina ia talepeina le fagufagu faapitoa, o le Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering (DSME) a Korea i Saute ma le POSCO o le a umia le muamua i le lalolagi e faʻapipiʻi tane eletise LNG e teu ai suauʻu i luga ole LNG-powered tele crude carriers. (VLCCs) Ceremony, ma fai mai ua atia'e le tekinolosi gaosiga o tane suau'u mai le muai togafiti uamea i le uelo ma le fau.
1. O le a le uamea manganese maualuga?
u'amea maualuga manganese mo tane teuina LNG o se u'amea u'amea ma manganese mea i le va o le 22-25%, lea e lelei le maualalo o le vevela teteʻe ma maualuga le ofuina teteʻe, lea e sili atu ona manino nai lo masani LNG mea e teu ai tane O le pele fou o le LNG teuina tane. mea na tu'uina atu e Korea i Saute i su'esu'ega ma atina'e mo le silia ma le sefulu tausaga.
2. Brief auʻiliʻiliga o ituaiga uʻamea ma o latou lelei ma le le lelei mo tane LNG teuina O matou faʻaogaina faʻaogaina faʻaogaina e mafai ona ausia nei manaʻoga faʻamalosi: Talu ai o tane tetele LNG e teu ai suauu o meafaigaluega autu ia o vaʻa faʻaleleia le siosiomaga ma le laina uma o pisinisi a le LNG, o tulaga faʻatekinisi e matua faʻamalosi ma taugata le tau. O le LNG e masani lava ona teuina ma felauai i lalo ole si'osi'omaga sili ona maualalo le vevela ole -163°C. O le “Faiga Fa'ava-o-malo mo le Fausiaina ma Meafaigaluega o Va'a o lo'o Avea Kasa Sua i le Tele" e ta'ua o le "IGC Code". O mea maualalo e fa e mafai ona faʻaaogaina mo le fausiaina o le LNG e aofia ai: uʻamea alumini alumini, Austria Tensitic uamea uʻamea, austenitic Fe-Ni uʻamea uʻamea (faʻapitoa foi Invar uamea) ma 9% Ni uamea (silasila i le Laulau 1 mo auiliiliga), a'o 9%Ni uamea o le sili ona masani ona fa'aaogaina ma fa'aoga lautele mo tane LNG e teu ai suauu. Ae o mea le lelei o le tau o loʻo maualuga pea, o faiga faʻagasologa e faʻalavelave, o le malosi e maualalo, ma o le nickel content i totonu o le oloa e maualuga. I tausaga talu ai nei, o loʻo faʻaauau pea le siʻitia o le tau o le nickel, ma o le tau o oloa ua matua faʻatupulaia.
4 mea cryogenic e mafai ona faʻaaogaina i le fausiaina o le LNG i lalo o le "IGC Code"
La'ititi o le vevela o le mamanu | Ituaiga uamea autu ma togafitiga vevela | Su'ega a'afiaga vevela |
-165℃ | 9%Ni uamea NNT poʻo QT | -196℃ |
austenitic stainless steel - 304, 304L, 316/316L, 321 ma le 347 fofo togafitia | -196℃ | |
Alumini u'amea - 5083 annealed | NO | |
austenitic iron-nickel alloy (36%Ni) |
Fa'atusatusaga malosi i le va o mea masani LNG fa'aoga ma le sila fou manganese maualuga
Aitema | Fa'amea masani | uamea manganese maualuga | ||||
9% Ni uamea | 304 SS | Alu 5083-O | Invar uamea | MC | ||
Mea fa'avae | Fa'asu'esu'ega o vaila'au | Fe-9Ni | Fe-18.5Cr-9.25Ni | Al-4.5Mg | Fe-36Ni | M CH mn |
Microstructure | α1(+Y) | γ(FCC) | FCC | FCC | FCC | |
Malosi e fua maiMpa | ≥585 | ≥205 | 124-200 | 230-350 | ≥400 | |
Malosi Tetele Mpa | 690-825 | ≥515 | 276-352 | 400-500 | 800-970 | |
-196℃A'afiagaJ | ≥41 | ≥41 | NO | NO | ≥41 | |
Uelo | uelo fa'aaoga | Fa'aloloto | Ituaiga308 | ER5356 | - | FCA,SA,GTA |
Malosi e fua maiMpa | - | - | - | - | ≥400 | |
Malosi TeteleMpa | ≥690 | ≥550 | - | - | ≥660 | |
-196℃A'afiagaJ | ≥27 | ≥27 | - | - | 27 |
Ultra-maualalo vevela maualuga-manganese uʻamea, lea e tuʻufaʻatasia le malosi maualuga, maualuga le malosi, ma le tau maualalo, o loʻo i ai se faʻamoemoega lautele tele i le lumanaʻi LNG suauʻu e teu ai tane ma le puipuiga o le siosiomaga isi maketi e teu ai suauu e pei o le ammonia vai, hydrogen vai, ma methanol.
Fa'atulagaga ma fa'atinoga mana'oga o le sila manganese maualuga
Tulaga Fa'ama'i (ASTM Draft)
| C | Mn | p | s | Cr | Cu |
% | 0.35-0.55 | 22.5-25.5 | <0.03 | <0.01 | 3.0-4.0 | 0.3-0.7 |
Amioga fa'ainisinia
● Fauga tioata: fa'asaga fa'atotonugalemu kupita lattice (γ-Fe)
● vevela fa'atagaina>-196℃
● Malosi fa'aola>400MPa (58ksi)
● Malosi fa'amalosi: 800~970MPa (116-141ksi)
● Su'ega a'afiaga V-notch Charpy >41J i le -196℃(-320℉)
Fa'atomuaga o mea fa'aaoga uelo fa'atusa a le matou kamupani
I tausaga talu ai nei, ua matou tuʻuina atu i matou lava i le suʻesuʻega ma le atinaʻeina o mea faʻapipiʻi uʻamea maualuga-manganese mo tane teuina LNG, ma faʻamanuiaina le atinaʻeina o mea faʻaaogaina e mafai ona fetaui ma meatotino o mea faʻavae uʻamea maualuga mo tane teu oloa LNG. O meatotino fa'apitoa o lo'o fa'aalia i le Laulau 2.
Mea fa'ainisinia o u'amea maualuga fa'atusa u'amea fa'aaogā fa'aputu
Igoa | Tulaga | mea tau masini | ||||
YP | TS | EL | -196℃ a'afiaga | su'ega leitio | ||
Fuafua sini | ≥400 | ≥660 | ≥25 | ≥41 | I | |
GER-HMA Φ3.2mm | Eletise tusilima | 488 | 686 | 46.0 | 73.3 | I |
GCR-HMA-S Φ3.2mm | Uaea uamea uamea | 486 | 700 | 44.5 | 62.0 | I |
Ps.Metal pa'u 'autu fa'afefeteina arc uaea u'umea mo u'amea manganese maualuga fa'aaogaina flux fetaui GXR-200 mo u'amea manganese maualuga.
Uuleleia ma fa'aali fa'ata'ita'iga o mea fa'aaogā u'amea maualuga manganese mo tane fa'aputu LNG
O le faʻaogaina o mea faʻaaogaina mo le uʻamea maualuga o le manganese o loʻo faʻaalia e pei ona taua i lalo
Electrode (GER-HMA) mafolafola fillet uelo pe a uma le pa'u aveesea
Electrode (GER-HMA) fa'amauina tulimanu maualuga pe'ā uma ona aveese slag
La'au uelo (GER-HMA) a'o le'i ma ina ua uma ona aveese le ma'a uelo
U'amea pauta 'autu fa'a'ele'ele arc (GCR-HMA-S) fa'aaliga uelo
O faʻataʻitaʻiga o soʻoga uʻamea uʻamea maualuga manganese o loʻo faʻaalia e pei ona taua i lalo
Fa'aaliga fa'ata'ita'i fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'iga u'elo mafolafola (1G).
Fa'aaliga fa'ata'ita'i fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'iga u'elo tūtū (3G).
Fa'aali fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'iga fa'apipi'i o le fa'ailoga fa'ata'ita'i
Fa'aali fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'iga fa'apipi'i o le fa'ailoga fa'ata'ita'i
PS.High manganese uʻamea ua ueloina ma uelo uʻamea 1G ma 3G, e leai ni taʻe i foliga punou ma tua punou faʻataʻitaʻiga, ma le taʻe teteʻe e lelei.
Taimi meli: Nov-22-2022